The Spinal Galant Reflex

The Spinal Galant Reflex:

The Spinal Galant Reflex (also known as truncal incurvation reflex) is a primitive reflex present at birth and typically integrates (disappears) between 3 to 9 months of age. It is triggered by tactile stimulation to the lumbar region — for example, stroking down one side of the spine while the infant is prone or in a quadruped position — causing lateral flexion of the trunk and hip movement away from the stimulus. It plays a crucial role in:

• Facilitating the birthing process (helping the baby rotate and descend in the birth canal)

• Developing range of motion in the hips, important for crawling and walking

• Stimulating vestibular system development, which is essential for balance and spatial orientation

• Aiding urination, as stimulation of the lower back can influence bladder response

Neurological and Developmental Role

The reflex contributes to early sensorimotor integration, facilitating the formation of neural pathways through sensory input. These pathways support cognitive and motor development via neuroplasticity. It also interrelates with other reflexes, such as the Asymmetrical Tonic Neck Reflex (ATNR).

Expected Developmental Timeline

• Emerges: ~20 weeks gestation (in utero)

• Fully present at birth

Integration period: By 3–9 months of age through natural movement, sensory stimulation, and motor activities such as tummy time and crawling.

Consequences of Non-Integration

If the Spinal Galant Reflex remains active beyond infancy (i.e., retained/unintegrated), it can cause neurodevelopmental and functional challenges, especially because it disrupts motor control and sensory processing. Issues include:

• Sensory-Motor Dysfunctions:

  • Excessive fidgeting, especially when the back is in contact with a surface (e.g., chair backs)

  • Tactile hypersensitivity, especially to clothing

  • Poor posture or scoliosis

  • Bedwetting beyond age 5 due to back stimulation triggering bladder release

• Motor and Coordination Issues:

  • Delayed or asymmetrical crawling, rolling, or gait disturbances

  • Poor balance, muscle tone, and coordination

• Cognitive and Behavioral Effects:

  • Attention deficits

  • Associations with dyslexia

Retention can also lead to functional asymmetries if only one side is affected.